ACCA Strategic Business Reporting (SBR) Practice Exam

What defines temporary differences in financial accounting?

1. Differences between actual sales and projected sales

2. Discrepancies between book value and tax value

3. Variances between cash flow and accrual basis reporting

4. Differences in financial statement reporting periods

The correct answer is: Discrepancies between book value and tax value

Temporary differences in financial accounting are defined by discrepancies that arise between the book value of an asset or liability as reported in the financial statements and its tax value as determined by the tax authorities. This concept is particularly important in the context of deferred tax assets and liabilities. These differences occur because certain income or expense items are recognized differently for accounting purposes compared to tax purposes. For example, revenue might be recognized when earned in the financial statements but may not be taxed until it is received in cash according to tax regulations. Similarly, expenses might be deductible for tax purposes in different periods than when they are recognized in the financial statements. Understanding temporary differences is crucial as it helps in identifying the future tax implications of current accounting transactions, which affects how companies manage their tax liabilities and prepare for future tax payments. This distinction ultimately plays a key role in achieving compliance with accounting standards and tax regulations.